What are the signs and sypmtoms of endometrial cancer?
Question:
What are the signs and sypmtoms of endometrial cancer?
Answer:
Endometrial cancer symptoms are often what prompt women to seek medical attention. Most of the time, the disease remains silent until it has spread to nearby tissues and organs.
Common Endometrial Cancer Symptoms
• abnormal bleeding- heavy bleeding between periods, or heavy bleeding during irregular periods
• pain during sexual intercourse
• pelvic pain or pain in the legs or back
• difficulty urinating or pain during urination
• enlarged uterus found upon medical exam
• vaginal discharge that can be thick or watery; pink or brown; and foul smelling
• unexpected weight loss
Keep in mind that these symptoms of endometrial cancer are also symptoms for many other illnesses. Please see your doctor if you are experiencing symptoms for a definitive diagnosis.
.
Tuesday, October 25, 2011
Symptoms of Leukemia: Signs to Watch Out For
Symptoms of Leukemia
Leukemia: Signs to Watch Out For
Leukemia is a disease that affects both children and adults. It begins in the bone marrow and spreads to other parts of the body. Leukemia symptoms can occur all of a sudden or gradually progress.
The symptoms of leukemia are broad, but there are specific symptoms of leukemia to keep an eye out for:
• fever
• infection
• excessive bruising
• fatigue
• physical exercise intolerance
• abdominal pain, or generally feeling fullness
• weight loss
• abnormal bleeding
• enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and/or liver
Leukemia: Signs to Watch Out For
Leukemia is a disease that affects both children and adults. It begins in the bone marrow and spreads to other parts of the body. Leukemia symptoms can occur all of a sudden or gradually progress.
The symptoms of leukemia are broad, but there are specific symptoms of leukemia to keep an eye out for:
• fever
• infection
• excessive bruising
• fatigue
• physical exercise intolerance
• abdominal pain, or generally feeling fullness
• weight loss
• abnormal bleeding
• enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and/or liver
Bladder Cancer Symptoms Are Few and Noticeable
Bladder Cancer Symptoms
Bladder Cancer Symptoms Are Few and Noticeable
Bladder cancer is a disease that affects the bladder, the organ responsible for acting as a collection reservoir for urine until it is excreted from the body. Like all other organs in the body, the bladder is vulnerable to disease, such as cancer. There are symptoms of bladder cancer that are common with the disease, but not exclusive to it. Symptoms can also be similar to much less serious conditions, so it is important to see your doctor if you experience them.
Bladder Cancer Symptoms
Bladder cancer symptoms are few, yet very noticeable. They can come and go or be persistent. Symptoms include:
• Blood in the Urine (hematuria): When you can physically see blood in your urine, it is call gross hematuria. Blood can appear in the urine as a pink, brown or red hue. Blood clots can also be present. Many times, blood in the urine is not visible to the naked eye -- a microscopic analysis of the blood can reveal hematuria when it cannot physically be seen.
• Painful Urination: Pain during urination is called dysuria. Pain can range from mild to severe.
• Frequent Urination: Having to urinate often and during the night is also a symptom of bladder cancer. People with bladder cancer may also have an intense physical sensation of needing to empty the bladder, despite just having urinating or not expelling urine when trying.
What to Expect When You Go to the Doctor
If a doctor suspects that something may be wrong with your bladder, one of the first tests done will be a urine culture and urinalysis. Your doctor will want to see if an infection is the underlying cause of symptoms.
A urine culture looks for the presence of bacteria in the urine, while urinalysis checks for the presence of blood. Both a urinalysis and culture require you to provide a sample of urine, either by urinating in a cup or by catheter. Note: If you are being treated for a urinary tract infection or cystitis and are not feeling better after taking all of your medication, it is important that you let your doctor know.
Your doctor may also want to check your urine for the presence of tumor markers, which are proteins that are increased in the urine of people with bladder cancer.
Source
American Cancer Society. How is Bladder Cancer Diagnosed? Bladder Cancer: Detailed Guide. 07 July 2010. Accessed July 15, 2010.
http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/BladderCancer/DetailedGuide/bladder-cancer-diagnosis
Bladder Cancer Symptoms Are Few and Noticeable
Bladder cancer is a disease that affects the bladder, the organ responsible for acting as a collection reservoir for urine until it is excreted from the body. Like all other organs in the body, the bladder is vulnerable to disease, such as cancer. There are symptoms of bladder cancer that are common with the disease, but not exclusive to it. Symptoms can also be similar to much less serious conditions, so it is important to see your doctor if you experience them.
Bladder Cancer Symptoms
Bladder cancer symptoms are few, yet very noticeable. They can come and go or be persistent. Symptoms include:
• Blood in the Urine (hematuria): When you can physically see blood in your urine, it is call gross hematuria. Blood can appear in the urine as a pink, brown or red hue. Blood clots can also be present. Many times, blood in the urine is not visible to the naked eye -- a microscopic analysis of the blood can reveal hematuria when it cannot physically be seen.
• Painful Urination: Pain during urination is called dysuria. Pain can range from mild to severe.
• Frequent Urination: Having to urinate often and during the night is also a symptom of bladder cancer. People with bladder cancer may also have an intense physical sensation of needing to empty the bladder, despite just having urinating or not expelling urine when trying.
What to Expect When You Go to the Doctor
If a doctor suspects that something may be wrong with your bladder, one of the first tests done will be a urine culture and urinalysis. Your doctor will want to see if an infection is the underlying cause of symptoms.
A urine culture looks for the presence of bacteria in the urine, while urinalysis checks for the presence of blood. Both a urinalysis and culture require you to provide a sample of urine, either by urinating in a cup or by catheter. Note: If you are being treated for a urinary tract infection or cystitis and are not feeling better after taking all of your medication, it is important that you let your doctor know.
Your doctor may also want to check your urine for the presence of tumor markers, which are proteins that are increased in the urine of people with bladder cancer.
Source
American Cancer Society. How is Bladder Cancer Diagnosed? Bladder Cancer: Detailed Guide. 07 July 2010. Accessed July 15, 2010.
http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/BladderCancer/DetailedGuide/bladder-cancer-diagnosis
What are the symptoms of anal cancer?
What are the symptoms of anal cancer?
Question:
What are the symptoms of anal cancer?
I have had what looks like a pimple by my anal opening for a month or so. My friend said it sounded like anal cancer. What are the symptoms of anal cancer?
Answer:
The anus is often confused with the rectum, which is the last several inches of the lower intestine. The rectum ultimately ends at the anus, where fecal material exits the body.
Like other parts of the body, the anus is susceptible to infections and diseases, such as anal cancer.
Symptoms of Anal Cancer
The symptoms of anal cancer are not unique and are also symptoms of other conditions, such as hemorrhoids. Although anal cancer is relatively simple to diagnose, this can cause a delay in diagnosis.
Symptoms include:
• lumps or bumps located near the anus
• anal bleeding or bleeding during bowel movements
• anal discharge
• pain in or around the anus
• itchy sensation around or inside the anus
• change in bowel habits, such as constipation, diarrhea and thinning of the stools
What to Do If You Have Anal Cancer Symptoms
If you are experiencing the symptoms of anal cancer, please see your doctor. It is common for some to delay going to the doctor, because they feel embarrassed by their symptoms or are fearful of being examined in such a private place. Please don't let these emotions prevent you from being properly examined. Fortunately, anal cancer can be detected early if the patient seeks medical care at the onset of symptoms.
Sources:
"Can Anal Cancer Be Found Early?". Detailed Guide: Anal Cancer. American Cancer Society. 25 April 2007. Accessed July 20, 2010.
http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/AnalCancer/DetailedGuide/anal-cancer-diagnosis
"What is Anal Cancer?". Detailed Guide: Anal Cancer. American Cancer Society. 25 April 2007. Accessed July 29, 2010.
http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_3X_How_Is_Anal_Cancer_Diagnosed_47.asp%3Frnav%3Dcri
Question:
What are the symptoms of anal cancer?
I have had what looks like a pimple by my anal opening for a month or so. My friend said it sounded like anal cancer. What are the symptoms of anal cancer?
Answer:
The anus is often confused with the rectum, which is the last several inches of the lower intestine. The rectum ultimately ends at the anus, where fecal material exits the body.
Like other parts of the body, the anus is susceptible to infections and diseases, such as anal cancer.
Symptoms of Anal Cancer
The symptoms of anal cancer are not unique and are also symptoms of other conditions, such as hemorrhoids. Although anal cancer is relatively simple to diagnose, this can cause a delay in diagnosis.
Symptoms include:
• lumps or bumps located near the anus
• anal bleeding or bleeding during bowel movements
• anal discharge
• pain in or around the anus
• itchy sensation around or inside the anus
• change in bowel habits, such as constipation, diarrhea and thinning of the stools
What to Do If You Have Anal Cancer Symptoms
If you are experiencing the symptoms of anal cancer, please see your doctor. It is common for some to delay going to the doctor, because they feel embarrassed by their symptoms or are fearful of being examined in such a private place. Please don't let these emotions prevent you from being properly examined. Fortunately, anal cancer can be detected early if the patient seeks medical care at the onset of symptoms.
Sources:
"Can Anal Cancer Be Found Early?". Detailed Guide: Anal Cancer. American Cancer Society. 25 April 2007. Accessed July 20, 2010.
http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/AnalCancer/DetailedGuide/anal-cancer-diagnosis
"What is Anal Cancer?". Detailed Guide: Anal Cancer. American Cancer Society. 25 April 2007. Accessed July 29, 2010.
http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_3X_How_Is_Anal_Cancer_Diagnosed_47.asp%3Frnav%3Dcri
Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors
Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors
What Is the Difference Between Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors?
The terms primary and metastatic describe where the tumor has originated and brain tumors are generally classified as one or the other. Primary brain tumors arise from the brain or spinal cord while metastatic brain tumors arise from other tissue and have spread to the brain. This is the most basic form of classifying brain tumors, but yields great insight into the characteristics of these complex growths and how they might be treated.
Many people have the impression that all brain tumors are alike, regardless of where they began, but if you ask any neuro-oncologist they will tell you there are significant differences that do affect treatment.
Primary Brain Tumors
Primary brain tumors are those that originate in the brain and spinal cord (collectively known as the central nervous system, or CNS) and rarely spread outside of the CNS. They can develop in children and adults, but are considered to be rare in both populations. Primary tumors that that develop in children and adults differ - they usually develop in different parts of the brain, have varied treatment methods, and have different prognosis. Primary tumors can also be malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous).
Despite their rarity, the incidence of primary brain tumors is increasing. This is partly due to the fact that people now have a higher life expectancy and we are much more skilled in diagnosing brain tumors than in the past. The causes of primary brain tumors remains to be mainly unknown, however researchers believe that in some cases environmental exposures and genetics play a role in brain tumor development. Several different types of tumors can develop in the brain. The symptoms of primary brain tumors vary based on the location of the tumor and its size.
Metastatic Brain Tumors
Unlike primary brain tumors, metastatic brain tumors originate in another part of the body and spread to the brain. Many types of cancer can spread (metastasize) to the brain, but melanoma, breast, lung, and kidney cancer are among the most common. Cancer cells spread by blood or lymphatic vessels. Metastatic brain tumors are more common than primary brain tumors. It is believed that the commonality is not because cancer types are becoming more aggressive, it is just that people are living longer from their cancer types, and this time allows for metastasis to occur.
In some rare cases, a metastatic brain tumor is discovered before the originating cancer site is detected. In these instances, it is called "metastasis of unknown origin." Because metastatic brain tumors do not have the same cellular composition of primary brain tumors, a brain biopsy is often how these tumors of unknown origin are diagnosed.
What Is the Difference Between Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors?
The terms primary and metastatic describe where the tumor has originated and brain tumors are generally classified as one or the other. Primary brain tumors arise from the brain or spinal cord while metastatic brain tumors arise from other tissue and have spread to the brain. This is the most basic form of classifying brain tumors, but yields great insight into the characteristics of these complex growths and how they might be treated.
Many people have the impression that all brain tumors are alike, regardless of where they began, but if you ask any neuro-oncologist they will tell you there are significant differences that do affect treatment.
Primary Brain Tumors
Primary brain tumors are those that originate in the brain and spinal cord (collectively known as the central nervous system, or CNS) and rarely spread outside of the CNS. They can develop in children and adults, but are considered to be rare in both populations. Primary tumors that that develop in children and adults differ - they usually develop in different parts of the brain, have varied treatment methods, and have different prognosis. Primary tumors can also be malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous).
Despite their rarity, the incidence of primary brain tumors is increasing. This is partly due to the fact that people now have a higher life expectancy and we are much more skilled in diagnosing brain tumors than in the past. The causes of primary brain tumors remains to be mainly unknown, however researchers believe that in some cases environmental exposures and genetics play a role in brain tumor development. Several different types of tumors can develop in the brain. The symptoms of primary brain tumors vary based on the location of the tumor and its size.
Metastatic Brain Tumors
Unlike primary brain tumors, metastatic brain tumors originate in another part of the body and spread to the brain. Many types of cancer can spread (metastasize) to the brain, but melanoma, breast, lung, and kidney cancer are among the most common. Cancer cells spread by blood or lymphatic vessels. Metastatic brain tumors are more common than primary brain tumors. It is believed that the commonality is not because cancer types are becoming more aggressive, it is just that people are living longer from their cancer types, and this time allows for metastasis to occur.
In some rare cases, a metastatic brain tumor is discovered before the originating cancer site is detected. In these instances, it is called "metastasis of unknown origin." Because metastatic brain tumors do not have the same cellular composition of primary brain tumors, a brain biopsy is often how these tumors of unknown origin are diagnosed.
Benign definition
Benign
Definition: The term "benign" indicates that a tumor or growth does not have the characteristics of cancer or malignancy.
Generally, benign growths are not life-threatening, and do not spread or invade surrounding tissue. However, there are circumstances, such as in some brain tumors, where benign growths can greatly affect quality of life and can be life-threatening.
In some rare instances, a benign growth can progress into cancer.
Definition: The term "benign" indicates that a tumor or growth does not have the characteristics of cancer or malignancy.
Generally, benign growths are not life-threatening, and do not spread or invade surrounding tissue. However, there are circumstances, such as in some brain tumors, where benign growths can greatly affect quality of life and can be life-threatening.
In some rare instances, a benign growth can progress into cancer.
Malignant definition
Malignant
Definition: A term used to describe a cancerous tumor that has the ability to spread and invade surrounding tissues. This is in contrast to the term benign, which references conditions that are not necessarily invasive and do not spread throughout the body.
Pronunciation: mal-ig-nant
Also Known As: malignancy
Examples:
It was suspected that Jane's bone tumor was malignant and may have spread to other parts of her body.
Definition: A term used to describe a cancerous tumor that has the ability to spread and invade surrounding tissues. This is in contrast to the term benign, which references conditions that are not necessarily invasive and do not spread throughout the body.
Pronunciation: mal-ig-nant
Also Known As: malignancy
Examples:
It was suspected that Jane's bone tumor was malignant and may have spread to other parts of her body.
Headache As a Symptom of a Brain Tumor
Headache As a Symptom of a Brain Tumor
What You Should Know About Headaches Caused By Brain Tumors
When headaches begin to get worse or don't go away, it is natural to wonder if the headache could be a symptom of something more serious, like a brain tumor. Headaches can be a symptom of brain tumors, and those that are truly tumor-related have distinct characteristics that separate them from other conditions that cause headaches.
First, it's important to known that brain tumors are not common. While studies show that more people are being diagnosed with brain tumors, it remains to be an uncommon occurrence. Chronic headaches are likely to be related to other, less serious conditions like migraines, allergies, or common vision problems that require glasses or contact lenses.
What Causes Headaches in People with Brain Tumors?
Increased intracranial pressure (IICP) is a common culprit of headaches in people with brain tumors. IICP is an increased amount of pressure on the brain that can be caused by excess fluid, brain swelling, or a mass. There is only enough space in the skull to really accommodate the brain and a normal amount of fluid -- anything excess, whether it is fluid or tissue, increases the pressure.
Characteristics of Brain Tumor Headache
Surprisingly, headaches are not normally the initial symptom a person experiences if they have a brain tumor. Other symptoms, like seizures, changes in vision or hearing, weakness of the arms and legs, or cognitive decline are often the first symptoms.
It has been generally thought that a classic characteristic of a brain tumor-related headache was a morning headache, but research shows that this isn't exactly the norm. It can occur, but isn't as common as previously thought. Headaches, though, are common in those with brain tumors, with up to half of sufferers experiencing them.
Most people do not suffer from severe, debilitating headaches, although they can be painful enough to rouse someone from sleep. Headaches that awaken one from sleep can indicate something serious, but can also be caused by something other than a brain tumor. People suffering from brain tumors have complained of headaches awakening them, however.
The pain can be described as dull, aching, or throbbing. Over time, the headaches may become more frequent, increasing in severity, and eventually be a constant occurrence that is not easily relieved. Changes in body position can make them worse, especially when lying down. They can also be worsened by coughing or sneezing.
These are only typical characteristics of brain tumors. Brain tumors are very complex, and each person may experience different types of headaches that may or may not reflect these common traits.
Reasons Why Your Doctor May Suspect a Brain Tumor Because of Headaches
When you see your doctor because of frequent headaches, he will ask you several questions related to your headaches. It is helpful to keep a symptom journal to clue your doctor in on what may trigger the headaches, what makes them worse, and how frequently you are getting them. These are all important factors and can easily be forgotten or under/overestimated during the exam.
Your doctor will ask you several questions about your headaches. Here are some common ones and what your answers may reveal:
Do you normally have headaches or previously suffered from headaches?
People who have previously suffered from headaches or who are allergy or migraine sufferers generally don't raise concern for doctors. It is those who don't commonly get headaches and have had recent and new headaches that make doctors suspect something more serious. People who have previously suffered from headaches and whose headaches have changed in intensity, location, or caused other symptoms are also a concern to doctors. A change in headache pattern can be a symptom of a brain tumor.
What medicines you are using to relieve the headaches and are they working?
Be very thorough and honest when your doctor asks about what you are doing to relieve your headaches. Tell him about any over-the-counter medication (such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen), herbs, or prescription medications you are taking. ***Even if you taking prescription pain medications that were prescribed for another condition or even another person, it is vital to tell your doctor. He or she is not going to judge. Your physician wants to gauge how your headaches react to medications. Typically, headaches related to brain tumors are not relieved by medication. When both OTC and prescription pain relievers are ineffective, it raises a red flag to a doctor that something more serious may be present.
***Please note that taking medication that is not prescribed for you is never recommended. You should also never take prescription pain medication for pain or symptoms that are unrelated to why your physician prescribed them originally.
Do your headaches get better or worse with movement?
If your headaches worsen or are triggered by bending over, sneezing, or coughing, it is important to let your doctor know. Brain tumor-related headaches are often worsened by these movements.
Are you experiencing any nausea or vomiting?
Nausea and vomiting along with a headache can be a symptom of a brain tumor. Nausea and vomiting without a headache, often with change of movement, can also be a symptom, but this is far more likely related to something other than a brain tumor.
Sources:
DeAngelis, Lisa M. Brain Tumors N Engl J Med 2001 344: 114-123
S. M. Chang, I. F. Parney, W. Huang, F. A. Anderson Jr, A. L. Asher, M. Bernstein, K. O. Lillehei, H. Brem, M. S. Berger, E. R. Laws, et al. Patterns of Care for Adults With Newly Diagnosed Malignant Glioma JAMA, February 2, 2005; 293(5): 557 - 564.
S. M, A C Lamont, N A Alias, and M N Win Red flags in patients presenting with headache: clinical indications for neuroimaging Br. J. Radiol., August 1, 2003; 76(908): 532 - 535.
What You Should Know About Headaches Caused By Brain Tumors
When headaches begin to get worse or don't go away, it is natural to wonder if the headache could be a symptom of something more serious, like a brain tumor. Headaches can be a symptom of brain tumors, and those that are truly tumor-related have distinct characteristics that separate them from other conditions that cause headaches.
First, it's important to known that brain tumors are not common. While studies show that more people are being diagnosed with brain tumors, it remains to be an uncommon occurrence. Chronic headaches are likely to be related to other, less serious conditions like migraines, allergies, or common vision problems that require glasses or contact lenses.
What Causes Headaches in People with Brain Tumors?
Increased intracranial pressure (IICP) is a common culprit of headaches in people with brain tumors. IICP is an increased amount of pressure on the brain that can be caused by excess fluid, brain swelling, or a mass. There is only enough space in the skull to really accommodate the brain and a normal amount of fluid -- anything excess, whether it is fluid or tissue, increases the pressure.
Characteristics of Brain Tumor Headache
Surprisingly, headaches are not normally the initial symptom a person experiences if they have a brain tumor. Other symptoms, like seizures, changes in vision or hearing, weakness of the arms and legs, or cognitive decline are often the first symptoms.
It has been generally thought that a classic characteristic of a brain tumor-related headache was a morning headache, but research shows that this isn't exactly the norm. It can occur, but isn't as common as previously thought. Headaches, though, are common in those with brain tumors, with up to half of sufferers experiencing them.
Most people do not suffer from severe, debilitating headaches, although they can be painful enough to rouse someone from sleep. Headaches that awaken one from sleep can indicate something serious, but can also be caused by something other than a brain tumor. People suffering from brain tumors have complained of headaches awakening them, however.
The pain can be described as dull, aching, or throbbing. Over time, the headaches may become more frequent, increasing in severity, and eventually be a constant occurrence that is not easily relieved. Changes in body position can make them worse, especially when lying down. They can also be worsened by coughing or sneezing.
These are only typical characteristics of brain tumors. Brain tumors are very complex, and each person may experience different types of headaches that may or may not reflect these common traits.
Reasons Why Your Doctor May Suspect a Brain Tumor Because of Headaches
When you see your doctor because of frequent headaches, he will ask you several questions related to your headaches. It is helpful to keep a symptom journal to clue your doctor in on what may trigger the headaches, what makes them worse, and how frequently you are getting them. These are all important factors and can easily be forgotten or under/overestimated during the exam.
Your doctor will ask you several questions about your headaches. Here are some common ones and what your answers may reveal:
Do you normally have headaches or previously suffered from headaches?
People who have previously suffered from headaches or who are allergy or migraine sufferers generally don't raise concern for doctors. It is those who don't commonly get headaches and have had recent and new headaches that make doctors suspect something more serious. People who have previously suffered from headaches and whose headaches have changed in intensity, location, or caused other symptoms are also a concern to doctors. A change in headache pattern can be a symptom of a brain tumor.
What medicines you are using to relieve the headaches and are they working?
Be very thorough and honest when your doctor asks about what you are doing to relieve your headaches. Tell him about any over-the-counter medication (such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen), herbs, or prescription medications you are taking. ***Even if you taking prescription pain medications that were prescribed for another condition or even another person, it is vital to tell your doctor. He or she is not going to judge. Your physician wants to gauge how your headaches react to medications. Typically, headaches related to brain tumors are not relieved by medication. When both OTC and prescription pain relievers are ineffective, it raises a red flag to a doctor that something more serious may be present.
***Please note that taking medication that is not prescribed for you is never recommended. You should also never take prescription pain medication for pain or symptoms that are unrelated to why your physician prescribed them originally.
Do your headaches get better or worse with movement?
If your headaches worsen or are triggered by bending over, sneezing, or coughing, it is important to let your doctor know. Brain tumor-related headaches are often worsened by these movements.
Are you experiencing any nausea or vomiting?
Nausea and vomiting along with a headache can be a symptom of a brain tumor. Nausea and vomiting without a headache, often with change of movement, can also be a symptom, but this is far more likely related to something other than a brain tumor.
Sources:
DeAngelis, Lisa M. Brain Tumors N Engl J Med 2001 344: 114-123
S. M. Chang, I. F. Parney, W. Huang, F. A. Anderson Jr, A. L. Asher, M. Bernstein, K. O. Lillehei, H. Brem, M. S. Berger, E. R. Laws, et al. Patterns of Care for Adults With Newly Diagnosed Malignant Glioma JAMA, February 2, 2005; 293(5): 557 - 564.
S. M, A C Lamont, N A Alias, and M N Win Red flags in patients presenting with headache: clinical indications for neuroimaging Br. J. Radiol., August 1, 2003; 76(908): 532 - 535.
Brain Tumor Symptoms. Signs and Symptoms of Brain Tumors
Brain Tumor Symptoms
Signs and Symptoms of Brain Tumors
Common brain tumor symptoms tend to be non-specific, mimicking other illnesses. Many times, symptoms don't immediately raise red flags that scream "brain tumor" to a physician. Brain tumors are rare, despite their increasing rate of diagnosis and because of this rarity, physicians often don't evaluate patients right off the bat for brain tumors. They may rule out other, less serious conditions initially.
Brain tumor symptoms vary greatly from person to person because of two factors: where the tumor is located and its size. The size of a tumor, however, does not effect severity of symptoms. A very small tumor can cause severe symptoms. It is all relative to what part of the brain is affected.
Brain Tumor Symptoms
Headaches: Up to half of people with brain tumors suffer from headaches, but they are much more likely to be related to another benign condition. Headaches are not usually the initial symptom of a brain tumor or the only one experienced. Brain tumor headaches are often accompanied by other symptoms. Frequent headaches should not be ignored regardless of accompanying symptoms, especially those that worsen with sneezing, couching, or bending over.
• Read more about the characteristics of brain tumor headaches.
Vomiting: Vomiting, especially in the morning and without nausea, can be a symptom of a brain tumor. Nausea, however, can also sometimes occur, it's just not as common. Like headaches, vomiting is a very vague symptom that could be caused by a number of things. With non-specific symptoms, it is ideal to keep a symptom journal to help you and your physician discover the triggers and patterns of such symptoms.
Personality or Mood Changes: Adults with brain tumors sometimes experience personality changes that are frustrating and can definitely interrupt daily living activities. Laughing at things that are not humorous, sudden increased interest in sex, temper tantrums, paranoia, and social decline are just a few of the possible personality changes that one may experience if they have a brain tumor. In contrast, personality changes can also mean an exaggeration of normal characteristics.
Seizures:Up to a third of people report having seizures prior to being diagnosed with a brain tumor. Seizures cause the body to shake and tremor in varying intensity. They can also cause one to stare for several minutes or have visual disturbance like flashing lights. Loss of consciousness can also occur. Though seizures are most likely caused by another condition like epilepsy or stroke, you must seek medical attention immediately if you believe you have had a seizure.
Cognitive Decline: Slower processing speed of the brain can be a symptom of a brain tumor. If you find it takes you longer to complete tasks than it usually does, report it to your doctor. This isn't related to fatigue or lack of motivation. These are tasks that require thinking like simple math, writing sentences, setting up a chess board, or following a recipe. People with brain tumors may find it takes great effort to complete the most basic task. Memory loss and difficulty concentrating can be typical with some brain tumors, as well.
Vision and Hearing Problems: Some brain tumors can cause visual or hearing disturbances that are difficult to ignore. Problems with vision can include seeing flashing lights, blurring, and floaters. Hearing disturbances can include one-sided hearing loss and ringing in the ears.
Physical Changes: An adult with a brain tumor may experience weakness on one side of the body. He may become suddenly "clumsy" -- losing balance or walking into walls or stumbling. An abnormal gait may also be present. Coordinated movements may become difficult.
Speech Changes: Slurring of the words or slow speech can occur. A person with a brain tumor may say things that make very little sense, despite efforts to communicate with the correct words. Sentences may have words in the incorrect order or even include words that have no relevance. This lack of effective communication can be a frustrating symptom for people with brain tumors.
What to Do If Think You May Have a Brain Tumor
If you think that you may have a brain tumor, see your doctor. It is likely your symptoms are related to another condition, but these symptoms warrant an evaluation from your doctor. Do not be hesitant to share your concerns of having a brain tumor. This way your doctor can address your concerns early on and explain what he or she suspects is the cause of your symptoms and why.
Sources:
American Cancer Society. Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults. June 20, 2011. Accessed June 23, 2011.
http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/BrainCNSTumorsinAdults/DetailedGuide/brain-and-spinal-cord-tumors-in-adults-diagnosed
National Cancer Institute. What You Need to Know About Brain Tumors. Accessed June 23, 2011.
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/brain
Signs and Symptoms of Brain Tumors
Common brain tumor symptoms tend to be non-specific, mimicking other illnesses. Many times, symptoms don't immediately raise red flags that scream "brain tumor" to a physician. Brain tumors are rare, despite their increasing rate of diagnosis and because of this rarity, physicians often don't evaluate patients right off the bat for brain tumors. They may rule out other, less serious conditions initially.
Brain tumor symptoms vary greatly from person to person because of two factors: where the tumor is located and its size. The size of a tumor, however, does not effect severity of symptoms. A very small tumor can cause severe symptoms. It is all relative to what part of the brain is affected.
Brain Tumor Symptoms
Headaches: Up to half of people with brain tumors suffer from headaches, but they are much more likely to be related to another benign condition. Headaches are not usually the initial symptom of a brain tumor or the only one experienced. Brain tumor headaches are often accompanied by other symptoms. Frequent headaches should not be ignored regardless of accompanying symptoms, especially those that worsen with sneezing, couching, or bending over.
• Read more about the characteristics of brain tumor headaches.
Vomiting: Vomiting, especially in the morning and without nausea, can be a symptom of a brain tumor. Nausea, however, can also sometimes occur, it's just not as common. Like headaches, vomiting is a very vague symptom that could be caused by a number of things. With non-specific symptoms, it is ideal to keep a symptom journal to help you and your physician discover the triggers and patterns of such symptoms.
Personality or Mood Changes: Adults with brain tumors sometimes experience personality changes that are frustrating and can definitely interrupt daily living activities. Laughing at things that are not humorous, sudden increased interest in sex, temper tantrums, paranoia, and social decline are just a few of the possible personality changes that one may experience if they have a brain tumor. In contrast, personality changes can also mean an exaggeration of normal characteristics.
Seizures:Up to a third of people report having seizures prior to being diagnosed with a brain tumor. Seizures cause the body to shake and tremor in varying intensity. They can also cause one to stare for several minutes or have visual disturbance like flashing lights. Loss of consciousness can also occur. Though seizures are most likely caused by another condition like epilepsy or stroke, you must seek medical attention immediately if you believe you have had a seizure.
Cognitive Decline: Slower processing speed of the brain can be a symptom of a brain tumor. If you find it takes you longer to complete tasks than it usually does, report it to your doctor. This isn't related to fatigue or lack of motivation. These are tasks that require thinking like simple math, writing sentences, setting up a chess board, or following a recipe. People with brain tumors may find it takes great effort to complete the most basic task. Memory loss and difficulty concentrating can be typical with some brain tumors, as well.
Vision and Hearing Problems: Some brain tumors can cause visual or hearing disturbances that are difficult to ignore. Problems with vision can include seeing flashing lights, blurring, and floaters. Hearing disturbances can include one-sided hearing loss and ringing in the ears.
Physical Changes: An adult with a brain tumor may experience weakness on one side of the body. He may become suddenly "clumsy" -- losing balance or walking into walls or stumbling. An abnormal gait may also be present. Coordinated movements may become difficult.
Speech Changes: Slurring of the words or slow speech can occur. A person with a brain tumor may say things that make very little sense, despite efforts to communicate with the correct words. Sentences may have words in the incorrect order or even include words that have no relevance. This lack of effective communication can be a frustrating symptom for people with brain tumors.
What to Do If Think You May Have a Brain Tumor
If you think that you may have a brain tumor, see your doctor. It is likely your symptoms are related to another condition, but these symptoms warrant an evaluation from your doctor. Do not be hesitant to share your concerns of having a brain tumor. This way your doctor can address your concerns early on and explain what he or she suspects is the cause of your symptoms and why.
Sources:
American Cancer Society. Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults. June 20, 2011. Accessed June 23, 2011.
http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/BrainCNSTumorsinAdults/DetailedGuide/brain-and-spinal-cord-tumors-in-adults-diagnosed
National Cancer Institute. What You Need to Know About Brain Tumors. Accessed June 23, 2011.
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/brain
Brain Tumors. Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention
Brain Tumors
The Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention of Brain Tumors
Brain tumors are the result of uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the brain. They can affect children and adults, but are considered to be rare among both populations. Brain tumors can be classified as malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous). Malignant tumors tend to be more aggressive than benign types, but both are very serious and can be fatal. For educational purposes, this article references subject matter related to malignant brain tumors affecting adults only.
There are over 140 different types of brain tumors that can form in the brain. Brain tumors can be classified as primary or metastatic, depending on where they arise in the body. Primary brain tumors originate in the brain and rarely spread outside of it. Metastatic tumors begin in another part of the body and spread to the brain through blood or lymphatic tissue. Some cancer types are more prone to spreading to the brain. These types include breast cancer, kidney cancer, melanoma, and lung cancer.
Brain Tumor Causes
We don't know exactly what causes brain tumors, but studies do suggest that there may be many factors that play a role in their development. Risk factors for brain tumors include:
• exposure to radiation
• family history of certain genetic disorders like neurofibromatosis, tuberous sclerosis, Von Hippel-Lindau disease, and Li-Fraumeni syndrome
• having a compromised immune system (more so associated with CNS lymphomas and people infected with AIDS)
There are many unproven causes and risk factors that are being studies. Cell phone use and the consumption of aspartame are two very controversial topics that some believe may cause brain cancer. These are simply theories and still remain unproven despite the many studies that have been conducted on the subjects.
Symptoms of Brain Tumors
Brain tumor symptoms vary based on the location of the tumor within the brain and the size of the tumor. Severity of symptoms does not indicate how large a tumor is - small tumors can cause severe symptoms.
Headaches are a common symptom of brain tumors, but are usually accompanied by another symptom. Brain tumor associated headaches often have characteristics that set them apart from headaches that re related to less serious conditions. Contrary to popular belief, headaches are not usually the initial symptom a person experiences - it is actually a seizure or muscle weakness that is most often the first symptom a brain tumor presents.
Other brain tumor symptoms include:
• nausea and/or vomiting
• visual and hearing disturbances
• problems with memory
• slower thought process
• weakness on one side of the body or abnormal gait
• fatigue or increased sleep
• personality changes
Diagnosing Brain Cancer
If a doctor suspects a brain tumor, one of the first steps in getting an accurate diagnosis is through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This imaging test gives physicians an extraordinary view of the brain and this is often the only test needed to identify the possible presence of a brain tumor. In some limited cases, a CT scan may be used. PET scans, which help doctors see the activity of the brain, may help diagnose primary brain cancer but their use is less certain with a metastatic disease.
Ultimately, it is a brain biopsy that confirms the malignancy and type of brain tumor present. If tumors are present as shown on an MRI and a person suffers from a type of cancer that is known to metastasize, then a biopsy may not be necessary. However, with types of cancer that don't often spread to the brain, a biopsy is a vital diagnostic tool. Primary brain tumors most always require a biopsy.
Brain biopsies can be done during times of surgical exploration or open surgery. The sample tissue can be examined in the operating room, allowing the surgeon to make a decision about whether to proceed with surgical treatment or not. More extensive evaluation of the tumor specimen will also be done by a pathologist. It may take several days to receive results.
In some cases, a closed biopsy, also called a stereotactic biopsy, is performed when the tumor is located in a region of the brain that is difficult to reach. It is the least invasive type of biopsy, but does carry risks.
Treatment of Brain Tumors
Brain tumors are treated by an experienced group of medical professionals that may be called your "treatment team." The team is composed of a neurosurgeon, medical oncologist or neuro-oncologist, radiation oncologist, and a pathologist. Many other supporting team members also provide care, such as oncology nurses.
The tumor type, location, and grade will determine the treatment plan. Curative treatment is possible with some tumors, while slowing the growth or simply relieving severe symptoms may be the goal of treatment for others. Unfortunately, there may be no recommended course of treatment for some brain tumors.
Surgical approaches in brain tumor treatment include tumor resection (complete removal) or debulking (removing as much as possible). In some cases, surgery may be the only treatment method that is required, but others may need other treatment methods, like radiation therapy. Surgery followed by radiation therapy is common with many tumors, however. There are several types of radiation therapy used to treat brain tumors. Again, tumor type, grade, and location are key factors in deciding which type of therapy is best.
Radiation therapy does not come without risks, however. It can damage parts of the brain, leading to cognitive decline, like memory loss and trouble concentrating. Swelling can be a side effect, but can be controlled with corticosteroids. Radiation necrosis can also be a side effect of radiation. In simple terms, it is the formation of irradiated brain tissue that has died and developed into a mass. Surgery may be needed to to remove the dead tissue.
Chemotherapy may be utilized in some tumors that are known to respond well to chemotherapy agents, such as CNS lymphoma, gliomas, or medullablastomas. Some higher grade tumors respond well, but not all. Thus, chemotherapy is available to select patients whose tumors are favorable to chemotherapy.
Targeted therapy drugs like Avastin are more precise than some chemotherapy drugs and often come with less side effects. Drugs like Avastin work by cutting off the blood supply to the tumor, preventing it's growth and shrinking the mass. Not everyone responds to Avastin, however, and the cost of treatment can be expensive.
Sources:
DeAngelis, Lisa M. Brain Tumors N Engl J Med 2001 344: 114-123
S. M. Chang, I. F. Parney, W. Huang, F. A. Anderson Jr, A. L. Asher, M. Bernstein, K. O. Lillehei, H. Brem, M. S. Berger, E. R. Laws, et al. Patterns of Care for Adults With Newly Diagnosed Malignant Glioma JAMA, February 2, 2005; 293(5): 557 - 564.
S. M, A C Lamont, N A Alias, and M N Win Red flags in patients presenting with headache: clinical indications for neuroimaging Br. J. Radiol., August 1, 2003; 76(908): 532 - 535.
The Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention of Brain Tumors
Brain tumors are the result of uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the brain. They can affect children and adults, but are considered to be rare among both populations. Brain tumors can be classified as malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous). Malignant tumors tend to be more aggressive than benign types, but both are very serious and can be fatal. For educational purposes, this article references subject matter related to malignant brain tumors affecting adults only.
There are over 140 different types of brain tumors that can form in the brain. Brain tumors can be classified as primary or metastatic, depending on where they arise in the body. Primary brain tumors originate in the brain and rarely spread outside of it. Metastatic tumors begin in another part of the body and spread to the brain through blood or lymphatic tissue. Some cancer types are more prone to spreading to the brain. These types include breast cancer, kidney cancer, melanoma, and lung cancer.
Brain Tumor Causes
We don't know exactly what causes brain tumors, but studies do suggest that there may be many factors that play a role in their development. Risk factors for brain tumors include:
• exposure to radiation
• family history of certain genetic disorders like neurofibromatosis, tuberous sclerosis, Von Hippel-Lindau disease, and Li-Fraumeni syndrome
• having a compromised immune system (more so associated with CNS lymphomas and people infected with AIDS)
There are many unproven causes and risk factors that are being studies. Cell phone use and the consumption of aspartame are two very controversial topics that some believe may cause brain cancer. These are simply theories and still remain unproven despite the many studies that have been conducted on the subjects.
Symptoms of Brain Tumors
Brain tumor symptoms vary based on the location of the tumor within the brain and the size of the tumor. Severity of symptoms does not indicate how large a tumor is - small tumors can cause severe symptoms.
Headaches are a common symptom of brain tumors, but are usually accompanied by another symptom. Brain tumor associated headaches often have characteristics that set them apart from headaches that re related to less serious conditions. Contrary to popular belief, headaches are not usually the initial symptom a person experiences - it is actually a seizure or muscle weakness that is most often the first symptom a brain tumor presents.
Other brain tumor symptoms include:
• nausea and/or vomiting
• visual and hearing disturbances
• problems with memory
• slower thought process
• weakness on one side of the body or abnormal gait
• fatigue or increased sleep
• personality changes
Diagnosing Brain Cancer
If a doctor suspects a brain tumor, one of the first steps in getting an accurate diagnosis is through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This imaging test gives physicians an extraordinary view of the brain and this is often the only test needed to identify the possible presence of a brain tumor. In some limited cases, a CT scan may be used. PET scans, which help doctors see the activity of the brain, may help diagnose primary brain cancer but their use is less certain with a metastatic disease.
Ultimately, it is a brain biopsy that confirms the malignancy and type of brain tumor present. If tumors are present as shown on an MRI and a person suffers from a type of cancer that is known to metastasize, then a biopsy may not be necessary. However, with types of cancer that don't often spread to the brain, a biopsy is a vital diagnostic tool. Primary brain tumors most always require a biopsy.
Brain biopsies can be done during times of surgical exploration or open surgery. The sample tissue can be examined in the operating room, allowing the surgeon to make a decision about whether to proceed with surgical treatment or not. More extensive evaluation of the tumor specimen will also be done by a pathologist. It may take several days to receive results.
In some cases, a closed biopsy, also called a stereotactic biopsy, is performed when the tumor is located in a region of the brain that is difficult to reach. It is the least invasive type of biopsy, but does carry risks.
Treatment of Brain Tumors
Brain tumors are treated by an experienced group of medical professionals that may be called your "treatment team." The team is composed of a neurosurgeon, medical oncologist or neuro-oncologist, radiation oncologist, and a pathologist. Many other supporting team members also provide care, such as oncology nurses.
The tumor type, location, and grade will determine the treatment plan. Curative treatment is possible with some tumors, while slowing the growth or simply relieving severe symptoms may be the goal of treatment for others. Unfortunately, there may be no recommended course of treatment for some brain tumors.
Surgical approaches in brain tumor treatment include tumor resection (complete removal) or debulking (removing as much as possible). In some cases, surgery may be the only treatment method that is required, but others may need other treatment methods, like radiation therapy. Surgery followed by radiation therapy is common with many tumors, however. There are several types of radiation therapy used to treat brain tumors. Again, tumor type, grade, and location are key factors in deciding which type of therapy is best.
Radiation therapy does not come without risks, however. It can damage parts of the brain, leading to cognitive decline, like memory loss and trouble concentrating. Swelling can be a side effect, but can be controlled with corticosteroids. Radiation necrosis can also be a side effect of radiation. In simple terms, it is the formation of irradiated brain tissue that has died and developed into a mass. Surgery may be needed to to remove the dead tissue.
Chemotherapy may be utilized in some tumors that are known to respond well to chemotherapy agents, such as CNS lymphoma, gliomas, or medullablastomas. Some higher grade tumors respond well, but not all. Thus, chemotherapy is available to select patients whose tumors are favorable to chemotherapy.
Targeted therapy drugs like Avastin are more precise than some chemotherapy drugs and often come with less side effects. Drugs like Avastin work by cutting off the blood supply to the tumor, preventing it's growth and shrinking the mass. Not everyone responds to Avastin, however, and the cost of treatment can be expensive.
Sources:
DeAngelis, Lisa M. Brain Tumors N Engl J Med 2001 344: 114-123
S. M. Chang, I. F. Parney, W. Huang, F. A. Anderson Jr, A. L. Asher, M. Bernstein, K. O. Lillehei, H. Brem, M. S. Berger, E. R. Laws, et al. Patterns of Care for Adults With Newly Diagnosed Malignant Glioma JAMA, February 2, 2005; 293(5): 557 - 564.
S. M, A C Lamont, N A Alias, and M N Win Red flags in patients presenting with headache: clinical indications for neuroimaging Br. J. Radiol., August 1, 2003; 76(908): 532 - 535.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
